dev.enekoalonso.com » linux http://dev.enekoalonso.com having fun with code Wed, 12 Oct 2011 21:40:17 +0000 en hourly 1 Got NFS working http://dev.enekoalonso.com/2010/02/06/got-nfs-working/ http://dev.enekoalonso.com/2010/02/06/got-nfs-working/#comments Sun, 07 Feb 2010 06:19:27 +0000 Eneko Alonso http://dev.enekoalonso.com/?p=457 Well, last night I started reading about how to share the files folder of a Drupal installation on a site with multiple web servers. Seems like NFS is the right way to go (as long as your traffic doesn’t grow too much). Perfect for Spaniards.es, since I want to move from a 2 dedicated server setup to a more flexible one where I can launch new web servers easily, almost on demand.

  1. # Install NFS
  2. yum -y install rpcbind nfs-utils nfs-utils-lib system-config-nfs rsync
  3.  
  4. # chkconfig nfs on
  5. /sbin/chkconfig nfs on
  6.  
  7. vi /etc/idmapd.conf
  8. # [General]
  9. # Domain = spaniards.es
  10. # [Mapping]
  11. # Nobody-User = nfsnobody
  12. # Nobody-Group = nfsnobody
  13.  
  14. service rpcidmapd restart
  15.  
  16. echo "/files/archivos  /nfs4exports/archivos none bind 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
  17. mount /nfs4exports/archivos
  18.  
  19. echo "/nfs4exports XXX.177.133.25(rw,insecure,no_subtree_check,nohide,fsid=0) XXX.177.136.14(rw,insecure,no_subtree_check,nohide,fsid=0)" > /etc/exports
  20. echo "/nfs4exports/archivos XXX.177.133.25(rw,insecure,no_subtree_check,nohide) XXX.177.136.14(rw,insecure,no_subtree_check,nohide)" >> /etc/exports
  21. su -c "/usr/sbin/exportfs -rva"
  22. /sbin/service nfs restart
  23.  
  24. echo 'portmap:ALL' > /etc/hosts.deny
  25. echo 'lockd:ALL' >> /etc/hosts.deny
  26. echo 'mountd:ALL' >> /etc/hosts.deny
  27. echo 'rquotad:ALL' >> /etc/hosts.deny
  28. echo 'statd:ALL' >> /etc/hosts.deny
  29.  
  30. echo 'portmap:XXX.177.133.25,XXX.177.136.14' > /etc/hosts.allow
  31. echo 'lockd:XXX.177.133.25,XXX.177.136.14' >> /etc/hosts.allow
  32. echo 'mountd:XXX.177.133.25,XXX.177.136.14' >> /etc/hosts.allow
  33. echo 'rquotad:XXX.177.133.25,XXX.177.136.14' >> /etc/hosts.allow
  34. echo 'statd:XXX.177.133.25,XXX.177.136.14' >> /etc/hosts.allow
  35.  
  36. echo 'LOCKD_TCPPORT=48620' >> /etc/sysconfig/nfs
  37. echo 'LOCKD_UDPPORT=48620' >> /etc/sysconfig/nfs
  38. echo 'MOUNTD_PORT=48621' >> /etc/sysconfig/nfs
  39. echo 'STATD_PORT=48622' >> /etc/sysconfig/nfs
  40. echo 'RQUOTAD=no' >> /etc/sysconfig/nfs
  41. echo 'RQUOTAD_PORT=48623' >> /etc/sysconfig/nfs

At the end, setting up NFS is not that complicated, but it was my first time, so it took a while. Actually, I had everything working before I noticed, since, logged in as root, I couldn’t figure out why I wasn’t able to write to the nfs mounted directory, being this mounted as rw. Well, turns out that you shouldn’t do this as root, since root access on nfs, once enabled does not require authentication.

I’m not sure why there is a need to mount a bind directory on the nfs server, but I think it has to do with the NFS4 directory configuration.

I think I got all the information I needed between these two links:
http://fconfig.wordpress.com/2006/08/17/setting-up-a-fedora-nfs-server/
http://fedorasolved.org/Members/renich/howtos/f7/en/nfsv4-fedora/?searchterm=nfs

Next step: set up the round robin load balancer: haproxy or dns?

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]]> http://dev.enekoalonso.com/2010/02/06/got-nfs-working/feed/ 0 CloudServers: Creating a new MySQL db server http://dev.enekoalonso.com/2010/01/31/cloudservers-creating-a-new-mysql-db-server/ http://dev.enekoalonso.com/2010/01/31/cloudservers-creating-a-new-mysql-db-server/#comments Mon, 01 Feb 2010 05:29:46 +0000 Eneko Alonso http://dev.enekoalonso.com/?p=444 On my previous post I posted the commands I used to create a brand new Linux web server for my Drupal site. Now I’ll post the commands to create the database server. While creating the server instance at RackspaceCloud, I’ve chosen Fedora 12 for my db server, which comes with MySQL 5.1.42.

  1. # Install MySQL
  2. yum -y install mysql mysql-server rsync
  3. /sbin/chkconfig –levels 235 mysqld on
  4.  
  5. # Start DB
  6. /etc/init.d/mysqld start
  7.  
  8. # Grant permissions to db_user (1.2.3.4 is the web server IP address)
  9. mysql -e "grant all privileges on db_name.* to db_user@'1.2.3.4' identified by 'password';"
  10. mysql -e "flush privileges;"
  11.  
  12. #############################################################
  13. # FIREWALL
  14. # Open DB port 3306
  15. # Allow connections only from web server
  16. iptables -F
  17. iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT
  18. iptables -P INPUT DROP
  19. iptables -P FORWARD DROP
  20. iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
  21. iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
  22. iptables -A INPUT -m state –state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
  23. iptables -A INPUT -s 1.2.3.4 -p tcp –dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
  24. iptables -L -v
  25. service iptables save

As easy as that, having a MySQL server up and running is piece of cake :)

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]]> http://dev.enekoalonso.com/2010/01/31/cloudservers-creating-a-new-mysql-db-server/feed/ 0 CloudServers: Creating a new web server with httpd, php & memcached http://dev.enekoalonso.com/2010/01/31/cloudservers-creating-a-new-web-server-with-httpd-php-memcached/ http://dev.enekoalonso.com/2010/01/31/cloudservers-creating-a-new-web-server-with-httpd-php-memcached/#comments Sun, 31 Jan 2010 17:16:47 +0000 Eneko Alonso http://dev.enekoalonso.com/?p=442 Creating a new web server is piece of cake at Rackspace Cloud. Here is a demo video of how to set up a new instance with your favorite Linux distribution. I have used Fedora 12 for my new spaniards.es servers, and here is the script I’ve used to install everything needed so far:

  1. # Install HTTPD
  2. yum -y install httpd rsync
  3.  
  4. # Install PHP
  5. yum -y install php php-mbstring php-mysql mysql
  6.  
  7. #############################################################
  8. # FIREWALL
  9. # Open http port 80 (and ssh)
  10. iptables -F
  11. iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT
  12. iptables -P INPUT DROP
  13. iptables -P FORWARD DROP
  14. iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT
  15. iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
  16. iptables -A INPUT -m state –state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
  17. iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 80 -j ACCEPT
  18. iptables -L -v
  19. service iptables save
  20.  
  21. # Start HTTPD server
  22. /etc/init.d/httpd start
  23.  
  24. # Install  memcached
  25. yum -y install memcached
  26. memcached -d -u apache
  27. yum -y install php-pecl-memcache
  28.  
  29. # Restart HTTPD server
  30. /etc/init.d/httpd restart

DNS configuration can be done through the admin pages, so there is no need for manual configuration. Copying the data from your old server can be done with rsync and having mysql installed is handy to test db connections from the console.

In less than 10 minutes you can have a new web server up and running :)

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]]> http://dev.enekoalonso.com/2010/01/31/cloudservers-creating-a-new-web-server-with-httpd-php-memcached/feed/ 1 Got new servers on Rackspace Cloud http://dev.enekoalonso.com/2010/01/30/got-new-servers-on-rackspace-cloud/ http://dev.enekoalonso.com/2010/01/30/got-new-servers-on-rackspace-cloud/#comments Sun, 31 Jan 2010 01:06:09 +0000 Eneko Alonso http://dev.enekoalonso.com/?p=433 Last night I got an account at Rackspace Cloud and created three brand new CentOS Linux servers. Now I have to set them up: two web servers and one database server. My goal: Move Spaniards.es website to this new hosting.

Why move?

Currently I am hosting Spaniards.es on two dedicated servers at Ace-Host.net. So far, so good, but the site has started to get slow (more the web server than the db server, which is running great so far). Some days I found the site running at 30 times the processor capacity (according to ‘top’), which is a lot. The biggest problem I have right now is the caching on the web server. I have installed both XCache and Memcached, but can get them to work since that server was my first ever dedicated server an has a CPanel installation that drives me nuts.

Sooner or later I had to move that webserver into a new clean installation, but I have decided that if I have to move, I’ll do it to a cloud. No more dependencies on a physical hardware, no more worries.

Why not EC2

Well, I’ve ried EC2 and it is not that I don’t like it. It is just that it is so much work. After seeing how CloudServers work on RackSpace, I have no doubt.

When is Spaniards.es going to be moved?

There is no date yet. First I have to set up the servers, make sure everything works fine, set up the domains, dns, mail, etc. Hopefully in a couple of weeks, if I can find enough time to do so.

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